Liposomal mucoadhesive drug delivery system is developed in order to improve the bioavailability of poorly absorbed drugs. The bioavailability is improved by prolonging their gastric and intestinal residence time, by facilitating the intimate contact with the absorption membrane. Liposomes are artificially prepared vesicles and they are very important tools for improving delivery of drugs like antimicrobial, anticancer, antifungal drugs, peptide hormones, enzymes, vaccines and genetic materials. The term liposome means lipid body it has been derived on the bases of name of subcellular particles, ribosomes. Their size range is from 25-500nm. Liposomes are microscopic vesicles in which an aqueous volume is enclosed by a membrane composed of a lipid moiety, which alter the bio distribution of entrapped drug substances by protecting the enclosed materials. Gastro retentive dosage forms are having high potential for the usage as controlled drug delivery systems. A controlled release system designed to improve its residence time in stomach by making contact with the mucosa is achieved through formulating mucoadhesive liposomes.

Analytical method was developed for the estimation of Febuxostat in drug substance by liquid chromatography. The chromatographic separation was achieved on C18 column (Symmetry C1875*4.6mm) at ambient temperature. The separation achieved employing a mobile phase consists of 0.1%v/v Formic acid in Water:ACN. The flow rate was 0.8 ml/ minute and ultra violet detector at 315nm. The average retention time for Febuxostat found to be 1.8 min the proposed method was validated for selectivity, precision, linearity and accuracy. All validation parameters were within the acceptable range. The assay methods were found to be linear from 50-150µg/ml for Febuxostat.

Analytical method was developed for the estimation of Fosamprenavir drug substance by liquid chromatography. The chromatographic separation was achieved on C18 column (Symmetry 75*4.6mm, 5um) at ambient temperature. The separation achieved employing a mobile phase consists of 0.1% v/v Trifluoro acetic acid in Water: Acetonitrile. The flow rate was 1.0 ml/ minute and ultra violet detector at 260nm. The average retention time for Fosamprenavir found to be 1.93 min the proposed method was validated for selectivity, precision, linearity and accuracy. All validation parameters were within the acceptable range. The assay methods were found to be linear from 50-150µg/ml for Fosamprenavir.

Psychiatry disorders are creating its own place in morbidity now a days. Various factors like cost of drugs, local paradigms, etc, plays a critical role for selecting the appropriate therapy for a particular patient because usually they are chronic therapy. Keeping this in mind, we conducted a study to delineate the various drugs used in psychiatric disorders, to find discrepancies. Drug utilization studies are essential for correct use of drug. Our study identifies the problems that arise from drug usage in health care delivery system and highlights the current approaches to the rational use of drugs. A total of 518 patients’ data were collected during the period and analyzed for WHO recommended prescribing and complementary indicators. Study shows low incidence of poly pharmacy which is good as poly pharmacy is common in psychiatry and also use of injections was very low. Study shows that prescribing from WHO List of Essential Medicine was not as good as it accounted for only 21.3%. There is scope for improvement in case of medicines prescribed by generic name as none were prescribed by generic name. The average cost per prescription in our study was only 9.41 Indian rupees per day which is affordable by the majority of the patients.

Pharmacotherapy is among the most powerful interventions to improve health outcomes. However, since some medications are less appropriate for patients, systems approaches to improving pharmacy care may be an effective way to reduce inappropriate medication use. In our study we have not taken any control group and newer trends in quality of prescribing pattern. The present study was designed to avoid those limitations to improve the quality of physician drug prescriptions in hospital settings. According to our observation through drug utilization review of outpatient drugs are necessary for medical condition of the patient and adverse events are less likely to occur with regular follow-up. Drug utilization review programs use professional medical protocols and computer technology and data processing to assist in the management of data regarding the prescribing of medicines and the dispensing of prescriptions over periods of time. We have conducted this study in the routine clinical practice setting with no intervention in the clinical process. The most indicated strategy would be a multi-disciplinary approach involving cooperation between infection control, nursing, pharmacy and medical staffs. Health and drug utilization programs should promote rational use of drugs to reduce complications of irrational use.