Nicotine is associate organic compound found within the ligneous plant family of plants (Solanaceae) that acts as a nicotinic neurotransmitter receptor agonist. And posseses completely different medical specialty activities like, system Stimulant. Completely different preparation of nicotine in market like Nicogum and Nicolette except buccal film. Buccle film having varios blessings like Convenient dosing, No water required, No risk chocking, Taste masking therefore in presence study we tend to conceive to formulate buccal film of nicotine. The main aim of the study was to look at varied polymers thought-about to possess dissolving properties for the preparation of buccal films of nicotine and to guage the films for varied physical and chemical parameters and subject the simplest formulation for drug content and uniformity study. Solutions containing polymers at completely different concentrations and a plasticizer at varied concentrations were ready. These solutions were then wont to prepare films. The films were casted using solvent evaporation technique ready films were then evaluated in terms of their physical look and film forming ability and their dissolving time. Among the varied concentration of polymers examined the results have shown that the F5 films were terribly versatile with good dissolving time furthermore as high folding endurance and drug uniformity content as compared to alternative concentration of polymers. Thus it should be complete that the films with HPMC at a level of 3% with propylene glycol at 1 % w/w of polymer could be a good base for the preparation of buccal films of nicotine.

Alzheimer’s disease is most common type of dementia, it is a neurodegenerative disorder of the elderly age (above 60 age), in which decrease in memory and cognitive decline are main symptoms and other symptoms like forgetting things occasionally, decrease ability in planning, familiar task, poor judgment, depression and behavioral, psychiatric symptoms like agitation, aggressivity, delusion and hallucination. 1-4% of total population affected by AD after age of 65-70 years and 4% of total population affected by AD after age of 85 years. Actual cause of AD is not known, but it is clear that it develops beacuase of a complex series of events that take place in the brain for long period of time. Some research shown connection between AD and head injury, genetic, environmental and life style factors. In case of AD protein beta amyloid accumulated outside neurons (called beta-amyloid plaques or neuritic plaques) and an abnormal form of the protein tau inside neurons (called tau tangles or neurofibrillary tangles) thus information transfer fails which cause impairment in memory and other symptoms. For diagnosis of AD, physical examination, patient history, modified mini-mental state examination (3MS), Cambridge mental disorder of the elderly examination (CAMDEX), blessed dementia rating scales, functional magnetic resonance imaging tests are used. USFDA approved neurotransmitter based treatments classify as cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) such as tacrine, donepezil, rivastigmine and galantamine another type is N-methyl-D-aspartate in this class memantine is single drug. Other strategies are also used for treatment loke anti-inflammatory agents, secretase inhibitors, insulin, etanercept, immunization, antioxidants, selegiline, hydergine, lipid lowering drugs, substances with mitrochondrial impact, hormones, vitamins, minerals, nutients and diet. Recent some alternate therapies are also used for treatment like hormone replacement therapy, stimulatory therapy, herbal therapy and herbal supplements. AD patients population increases day by day thus development of medicine is important to prevent, delay, slow or cure the disease.

High blood pressure (BP) is a major public health problem and its prevalence is rapidly increasing among urban and rural populations. Hypertension puts strain on the heart, which leads to hypertensive heart disease and coronary artery disease if not been treated and becomes major risk factor for stroke, aneurysms of arteries, peripheral arterial disease and is a cause of chronic kidney disease. Cardiovascular risk can be decreased by reducing systolic and diastolic blood pressure and this can be achieved by non-pharmacological (lifestyle measures) and pharmacological means. Lifestyle changes should be the initial approach for management of hypertension and include dietary interventions (reducing salt, increasing potassium, alcohol avoidance), weight reduction, cease tobacco use, physical exercise, and stress management. The pharmaceutical agents which are available for initial treatment of high BP include older molecules like Thiazide diuretics and beta-blocking agents and newer molecules, dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers (CCB), angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB). Comprehensive management of hypertension focuses on reducing overall cardiovascular risk by lifestyle management, BP lowering and lipid management and should be the preferred initial treatment approach, although drug treatment is still necessary in patients for whom lifestyle changes are not enough or not effective.

Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are one of the major problems associated with medicines. The effectiveness and success of any pharmacovigilance system depends highly on the participation of all health care professionals. An observational, prospective study was conducted based on ADRs reported between Feb 2nd to 18th march to the ADR reporting unit of the hospital. The ADRs reported by spontaneous reporting system were from patients attending in-patient department (IPD) and casualty of IGGMC&H Nalgonda Evaluation of the data was done for various parameters which included patient demographics, drug and reaction characteristics, and outcome of the reactions. Assessment was also done for causality and severity Total 75 ADRs were reported with in the period from 2nd Feb. to 18th March. Cefrioxome were the drug class most commonly involved and next Cefixime a well-established agent was the individual drug most frequently reported in this study. Upon causality assessment, majority of the reports were rated as probable (13.043%). The pattern of ADRs reported in our hospital is comparable with the results of studies conducted in hospital set up elsewhere. Cefrioxome were causing maximum ADRs. This study provides a database of ADRs due to common drugs used in our hospital, which will help clinicians for optimum and safe use of these drugs. Hence strict vigilance is required for the use of these likely drugs and their safety assessment.

This present study reports the simultaneous estimation of Tolperisone hydrochloride and Etodolac in tablet dosage form employing simultaneous equation and absorbance ratio method. The method was validated as per International Conference on Harmonization [ICH] guidelines. A kromasil column (150mm x 4.6mm, 5μ) was used with a mobile phase containing a mixture of ammonium acetate with ortho phosphoric acid solution buffer (pH-3.7) and Acetonitrile in the ratio of 52:48% v/v. The analysis was performed with run time of 10 minutes at a flow rate of 1ml/min. The retention time of Tolperisone HCl and etodolac were found to be 2.50 and 5.02 respectively. The validation of the proposed method was carried out for linearity, accuracy, recovery, precision, limit of detection and limit of quantification and robustness. Detection limit of for Tolperisone and Etodolac were 0.53 similarly quantification limits for Tolperisone and Etodolac were 1.62μg/ml, estimated from linearity by regression respectively. The results showed that the proposed method is suitable for the precise, accurate and rapid determination of Tolperisone and Etodolac in bulk, its combined dosage forms.